**HƯỚNG DẪN CÁCH HỌC** **Kết cấu cuốn sách** Cuốn sách bao gồm 38 chủ điểm (vocabulary topic), được chia làm 10 nhóm, bao gồm: Business – Crime – Culture and Tourism – Children – Education – Environment – Governments – Individuals and Society – Transport – Technology. **Tổng quan thời gian** Tổng thời gian bạn có thể hoàn thành trọn vẹn cuốn sách này là khoảng 20 – 40 giờ học. **Kết cấu mỗi bài học thật đơn giản và dễ theo dõi, bao gồm:** – Một list từ đã được giải nghĩa; – Từ 1-2 bài tập, ở nhiều dạng khác nhau như sắp xếp lại câu và dịch câu; – Cuối cùng là bài tập điền từ vào một bài luận văn và phần ý rõ ràng. Ngay cuối mỗi bài học là đáp án đề bạn tiện tra cứu. **Độ khó từ vựng** 100% từ vựng trong các chủ điểm là từ vựng học thuật và phần lớn trong số đó ở trình độ C1-C2, tức là từ 7.0 tới 9.0 IELTS. Tuy nhiên, bởi kết cấu cuốn sách đơn giản và bài tập rất rõ ràng, không chỉ các bạn ở trình độ advanced mà các bạn từ trình độ pre-intermediate hoặc intermediate đã có thể bắt đầu tiếp cận cuốn sách này. **Bài mẫu** 100% bài mẫu được trình bày trong cuốn sách này do thầy Phạm Tuấn trực tiếp viết, với đề bài là các đề thi IELTS thực tế đã diễn ra tại Việt Nam trong giai đoạn 2014-2018. Bởi vậy, ngoài mục tiêu học từ vựng, tất cả các bạn ôn luyện IELTS còn có thể sử dụng cuốn sách như bộ bài mẫu tham khảo bổ ích, hiệu quả. — **NHÓM CHỦ ĐIỂM 1: BUSINESS** **VOCABULARY SET 1: ADVERTISING (P.1)** **Vocabulary:** 1. bombard (v): oanh tạc, dồn dập tấn công (dùng cả nghĩa đen & nghĩa bóng) 2. conglomerate (n): tập đoàn 3. consume (v) – consumption (n): tiêu dùng, tiêu thụ 4. dominate (v): chi phối, khống chế 5. endorse (v): ủng hộ, tán thành 6. exaggerate (v): phóng đại 7. fallacy (n): nguy biện, sai lầm 8. gain popularity (collocation): trở nên phổ biến, thu hút sự chú ý 9. merchandise (n): hàng hóa, thương phẩm 10. obsolete (adj): lỗi thời 11. predecessor (n): người đi trước, tiến nhiệm, sản phẩm đời trước 12. processor (n): bộ vi xử lý 13. revolutionary (adj): mang tính cách mạng, đột phá 14. saturate (v): bão hòa 15. tuberculosis (n): bệnh lao — **Task 3: Fill in the blanks with suitable words/phrases** * bombard (v) * conglomerate (n) * consume – consumption (n) * dominate (v) * endorse (v) * exaggerate (v) * fallacy (n) * gain popularity (collocation) * merchandise (n) * obsolete (adj) * predecessor (n) * processor (n) * revolutionary (adj)
Consumers are faced with increasing numbers of advertisements from competing companies. To what extent do you think are consumers influenced by advertisements? What measures can be taken to protect them? Recently, commercial advertisements have 1. __________ in a variety of television channels, newspapers, magazines and websites, as a result of 2. __________ competition in the market. I would contend that these advertisements may have a negative impact on their audience as people start to purchase unnecessary products. To prevent this from happening, I believe the authorities should take some definite actions, such as exercising stricter 3. __________ on all forms of advertising. I agree that customers often 4. __________ companies’ advertising campaigns. This is primarily because large companies often 5. __________ the usefulness of a few small features of their products when advertising. 17 **38 CHỦ ĐIỂM TỪ VỰNG THIẾT YẾU CHO IELTS 7.0+** **Task 1:** 1. The airline admitted being involved in a dirty tricks campaign to win customers from their rival. 2. The scientist’s theory was based on rational evidence that had been proven in laboratory experiments. 3. The opposition leader accused government ministers of manipulating the statistics to suit themselves. 4. The impact of the new legislation has been greatly overstated. 5. Fierce winds were blowing, threatening to capsize our boat. **Task 2: Answers may vary** 1. Hopefully the new president will follow in the footsteps of his predecessor and continue to help the country flourish financially. 2. Because children tend to be impulsive, their guardians make decisions for them until they come of legal age. 3. Some television networks are required to censor swear words with symbols and bleeps. 4. Although it was a fake, the identical copy of the painting was sold for almost as much as the original. 5. After the monsoon rains, insects of all kinds begin to proliferate and you see people constantly swatting and slapping at the air. **Task 3:** Consumers are faced with increasing numbers of advertisements from competing companies. To what extent do you think are consumers influenced by advertisements? What measures can be taken to protect them? Recently, commercial advertisements have (1) __________ in a variety of television channels, newspapers, magazines and websites, as a result of (2) __________ fierce competition in the market. I would contend that these advertisements may have a negative impact on their audience as people start to purchase unnecessary products. To prevent this from happening, I believe the authorities should take some definite actions, such as exercising stricter (3) __________ on all forms of advertising. I agree that customers often (4) __________ fall victim to companies’ advertising campaigns. This is primarily because large companies often (5) __________ the usefulness of a few small features of their products when advertising. This advertising technique can be seen in the case of the latest Apple iPhone 7 Plus smartphone, which is nearly (6) __________ identical to its (7) __________ predecessor, except for the new (8) __________ dual-camera system and a slightly faster (9) __________, (10) __________ gain a competitive advantage over their (11) __________ rival Samsung’s Galaxy S7, Apple’s marketers used emotional appeal to encourage (12) __________ rather than (13) __________ spending. Censorship, from my perspective, is the key to addressing the problem. This can be done by establishing an authority specialising in (14) __________ all new advertisements. The censorship process should be stringent enough so that all the (15) __________ that contain any form of exaggeration are taken out before these advertisements are published. This exclusion of exaggerated content ensures that no companies can use advertising to (16) __________ their customers, and consumers may stop buying the goods they do not truly need. In brief, many businesses use advertising to (17) __________ their competitors rather than to fulfil customers’ needs, which results in people buying unnecessary goods. The best remedy for this issue, in my opinion, is censoring all new advertisements before airing them, in order to safeguard consumers against (18) __________ information. 291 words, written by Tu Pham — and creative workers in danger, as they receive a significantly lower income from selling their books and songs. Yet this is not only a problem of finance, but also an issue of do their rights and stealing their work. From a broader perspective, when authors’ 10 __________ respected, they 11 __________ positively contribute to society. To conclude, despite the belief that the public can 12__________ the benefits of free access to intellectual content, I am of the opinion that disrespecting copyrights is undoubtedly a negative development that 13__________ society. 291 words, written by Tu Pham 23
**Task 1:** 1. Severe storms are likely to pose a threat to coastal villages. 2. When there are competitions in almost all fields of life, only the best players (can) surface. 3. Charging users for downloading copyrighted music is (would be/could be/may be) unfair to those who are financially disadvantaged. 4. The invention of digital music download sites is helpful in protecting authors’ intellectual property. 5. The issue of the morality of nuclear weapon possession has been on debate in today’s world. 6. The Internet has brought students more access to sources of knowledge and information. 7. Young songwriters have had a proclivity of plagiarizing musical beat instead of the whole melody of a song. 8. Customers are those who reap benefits from competitions among service providers. 9. During the past six months, there has been a drastic reduction of staffing levels in this company. 10. The key to the education system in this millennium is to make/making learning opportunities more accessible to adults. **Task 2:** *Modern technology has made it easier for individuals to download copyrighted music and books from the internet for no charge. To what extent is this a positive or a negative development?* Copyrights have evolved into a major topic of concern in the era of the internet and modern technology, as copyrighted music and books can now be downloaded for free with a few simple mouse-clicks. While some believe that there are certain advantages to this development, I would contend that it may lead to (1) **drastic** consequences that far outweigh any benefit it brings. There is a common belief that free downloading of copyrighted contents is beneficial. People may argue that the public can benefit from having free (2) **access** to invaluable sources of knowledge. Those who are (3) **financially disadvantaged** would then have equal rights to develop academically, which may have been previously (4) **unfeasible**. Some also claim that once music contents are free, they can enrich the musical soul of millions. As a greater diversity of music becomes more (5) **accessible** to a larger audience, their understanding of it may improve, and new musical talents can (6) **surface** as a result. However, I firmly believe that there are (7) **severe** consequences when copyrighted contents are distributed freely for everyone. This trend may put the career of many authors, artists and creative workers in danger, as they receive a significantly lower income from selling their books and songs. Yet this is not only a problem of finance, but also an issue of (8) **morality**. The (9) **proclivity** of taking others’ work without permission is a form of disregarding their rights and stealing their work. From a broader perspective, when authors’ (10) **intellectual property** is not respected, they (11) **may be** less likely to positively contribute to society. To conclude, despite the belief that the public can (12) **reap** the benefits of free access to intellectual content, I am of the opinion that disrespecting copyrights is undoubtedly a negative development that (13) **poses an alarming threat** to society. 291 words, written by Tu Pham