**Task 1:** 1. Severe storms are likely to pose a threat to coastal villages. 2. When there are competitions in almost all fields of life, only the best players (can) surface. 3. Charging users for downloading copyrighted music is (would be/could be/may be) unfair to those who are financially disadvantaged. 4. The invention of digital music download sites is helpful in protecting authors’ intellectual property. 5. The issue of the morality of nuclear weapon possession has been on debate in today’s world. 6. The Internet has brought students more access to sources of knowledge and information. 7. Young songwriters have had a proclivity of plagiarizing musical beat instead of the whole melody of a song. 8. Customers are those who reap benefits from competitions among service providers. 9. During the past six months, there has been a drastic reduction of staffing levels in this company. 10. The key to the education system in this millennium is to make/making learning opportunities more accessible to adults. — **Task 2:** *Modern technology has made it easier for individuals to download copyrighted music and books from the internet for no charge. To what extent is this a positive or a negative development?* Copyrights have evolved into a major topic of concern in the era of the internet and modern technology, as copyrighted music and books can now be downloaded for free with a few simple mouse-clicks. While some believe that there are certain advantages to this development, I would contend that it may lead to (1) **drastic** consequences that far outweigh any benefit it brings. There is a common belief that free downloading of copyrighted contents is beneficial. People may argue that the public can benefit from having free (2) **access** to invaluable sources of knowledge. Those who are (3) **financially disadvantaged** would then have equal rights to develop academically, which may have been previously (4) **unfeasible**. Some also claim that once music contents are free, they can enrich the musical soul of millions. As a greater diversity of music becomes more (5) **accessible** to a larger audience, their understanding of it may improve, and new musical talents can (6) **surface** as a result. However, I firmly believe that there are (7) **severe** consequences when copyrighted contents are distributed freely for everyone. This trend may put the career of many authors, artists and creative workers in danger, as they receive a significantly lower income from selling their books and songs. Yet this is not only a problem of finance, but also an issue of (8) **morality**. The (9) **proclivity** of taking others’ work without permission is a form of disregarding their rights and stealing their work. From a broader perspective, when authors’ (10) **intellectual property** is not respected, they (11) **may be** less likely to positively contribute to society. To conclude, despite the belief that the public can (12) **reap** the benefits of free access to intellectual content, I am of the opinion that disrespecting copyrights is undoubtedly a negative development that (13) **poses an alarming threat** to society. 291 words, written by Tu Pham —
**Đề bài:** Nowadays, people have little awareness of the importance of the natural world. What are the reasons and how can people learn more about the natural world? (Đề thi ngày 06/04/2019) **Bài mẫu** These days, many people do not fully comprehend how absolutely important nature is **for the existence of human beings**. This essay will discuss some reasons why people do not understand its importance, and some ways they can learn more about it. In modern societies, most people have a **severe lack of understanding** when it comes to the **role that nature plays in their lives**, and this can be attributed to a number of reasons[*1*]. Firstly, most modern cities, **devoid of any** significant amount of nature, are a consequence. People are not close to nature and therefore do not appreciate or understand its significance. Kids these days spend their free time playing computer games or **staring at a smartphone or TV screen**, while adults are endlessly working or pursuing other leisure activities, which tends to **disconnect them from the natural world**[*2*]. Another possible reason for this lack of understanding may be that it is not taught in schools. For example, biology is not one of the subjects that hold great importance in most schools these days. However, there are various solutions to this problem. Firstly, cities need to become greener. Local governments need to **incorporate larger** **green spaces** into cities so that people are encouraged to spend more time in nature on a daily basis. The streets must be lined with trees, and there must be large parks in every single neighbourhood. Furthermore, there must be **large communal spaces** where people can learn about gardening and growing food. In addition, and most importantly, children need to be taught about the importance of nature in school. Such subjects need to be a **compulsory part of every child’s education** in order to ensure that future generations are well aware of the importance of nature and how to live in harmony with it[*3*]. In conclusion, being close to nature and learning about it in school or elsewhere is of vital importance to future generations. Without a **deep understanding and appreciation** of nature the human race will face **catastrophic consequences**. **Cấu trúc câu** **Câu (1):** Most people have a severe lack of understanding when it comes to the role that nature plays in their lives, and this can be attributed to a number of reasons. * Cấu trúc cần lưu ý: “When it comes to the role that nature plays in their lives” là một cụm trạng từ, với cấu trúc “When it comes to” là khi nói đến, khi xét đến. Cấu trúc “This can be attributed to” mang nghĩa: điều này có thể bị quy cho. **Câu (2):** Kids these days spend their free time playing computer games or staring at a smartphone or TV screen, while adults are endlessly working or pursuing other leisure activities, which tends to disconnect them from the natural world. * Cấu trúc cần lưu ý: Mệnh đề quan hệ “which tends to disconnect them from the natural world” mang nghĩa: làm họ xa cách với thiên nhiên, được sử dụng để bổ sung ý nghĩa cho “other leisure activities” (những hoạt động giải trí khác). “Spend one’s free time doing something” mang nghĩa dành thời gian làm gì. “To pursue something” có nghĩa là theo đuổi một cái gì đó. Từ nối “While” được sử dụng để tạo thành câu ghép, nối hai mệnh đề với nhau, mang nghĩa trong khi điều này xảy ra thì điều kia xảy ra. **Câu (3):** Such subjects need to be a compulsory part of every child’s education in order to ensure that future generations are well aware of the importance of nature and how to live in harmony with it. * Cấu trúc cần lưu ý: Từ “Such” đặt trước từ “subject” để nhấn mạnh: những môn học đó chứ không phải một môn học bất kì nào. “in order to” được dùng để nhấn mạnh vào mục đích của hành động, để làm gì đó. “to be well aware of” mang nghĩa hiểu rõ về vấn đề gì đó. — **Nội dung từ các hình ảnh liên quan đến kỹ năng mềm và tiếp thu kiến thức:** *(Nội dung này là phần tiếp theo của bài mẫu trước, không có đề bài mới được đưa ra)* There are some solutions that can be implemented by companies and universities to address the problem. For instance, companies need to alter the way in which their employees work in order to create more opportunities for **colleague interaction**. Instead of working individually, projects **could be more teamwork-oriented**. Also, the grading criteria currently applied at university need to be changed to incorporate more soft skill training. Apart from compulsory major-related subjects, students should also be engaged in workshops or subjects specializing in job-related skills. All of these subjects will **count towards** students’ overall GPA when they graduate to ensure they are well-equipped with appropriate workplace skills. In conclusion, a lack of basic interpersonal skills in new employees stems from businesses’ workplace practices and the educational system, and there are a number of feasible solutions to tackle this issue. **Cấu trúc câu** **Câu (1):** Most people have a severe lack of understanding when it comes to the role that nature plays in their lives, and this can be attributed to a number of reasons. * Cấu trúc cần lưu ý: Cấu trúc chủ ngữ “It to be adjective clause”, mệnh đề theo sau là mệnh đề để thật của câu. Cấu trúc “or even at all” nhấn mạnh sự phủ định, mang nghĩa là hoàn toàn không. Từ “Such” được đặt trước từ “subject” để nhấn mạnh: những địa điểm đó là bảo tàng và di tích lịch sử chứ không phải những địa điểm khác. Từ “therefore” đứng trước động từ chính trong câu mối quan hệ trước. — **Nội dung từ các hình ảnh liên quan đến bảo tàng và di tích lịch sử:** **Đề bài:** Many museums and historical sites are mainly visited by tourists but not local people. Why is it the case? What can be done to attract more local people to visit these places? (Đề thi ngày 22/06/2019) **Bài mẫu** These days, a lot of museums and historical sites seem to appeal mainly to tourists, rather than locals. This essay will discuss a number of plausible reasons why this occurring, and a number of possible ways to attract more local people. There may be a variety of factors contributing to the low numbers of local people visiting museums and historical sites. Firstly, it is possible that most local people have already visited such places,